I. & I. Calvert was formerly J. & J. Calvert.
Around 1887, Jonathan Calvert changed the name and the business became known as I. & I. Calvert
Question: Does anyone know why he changed the name of the business?
Worsted spinners at Spring Mill, Wainstalls, Square Mill, Wainstalls, New Mill, Wainstalls, Lumb Mill, Wainstalls and, and Wainstalls Mill [1821-1951].
Jonathan Calvert was joined by his nephews Thomas Calvert [1879] and Walter Garnett [1882].
Partners included Jonathan Calvert.
From 1879, they began to transport children – mostly girls and from 12 years old – from Liverpool to work in their mill.
They took Upper Mill, Wainstalls and New Mill, Wainstalls on a 14 years' lease [1st January 1884].
In the 1890s, seventy girls were brought from Kirkdale Industrial School, Liverpool, to work in the mill.
A gravestone recording the deaths of many of the mill's orphan employees can be seen in the graveyard of Luddenden Dean Wesleyan Chapel – see Child Labour.
Jonathan Calvert retired in March 1887 and left the business to Thomas and Walter Garnett.
By 1889, they were operating 20,000 spindles.
Thomas retired in 1897. The partnership between Thomas and Walter Garnett was dissolved.
On 31st December 1897, there were complications when the Appleyard lease expired, and Calvert's had to vacate Upper Mill and New Mill and associated properties. The mills were bought by George Tyson.
Tyson subsequently sold Upper Mill to I. & I. Calvert
Walter's son John joined the business in 1905.
John was followed by his sons Onslow and Peter.
In 1929, John formed a private limited company, and I. & I. Calvert became I. & I. Calvert Limited
See Child workers at I. & I. Calvert's mills, Calvert's Factory School, Calvert Orphans' Home, William Henry Murgatroyd and Wainstalls Mills
Page Ref: MMC1451
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